Product Design of a Fran Blade

output Design of a Fran wind vane 1. Manufacturing Concepts 1.1 harvesting Design Specification of raw sienna stigma To efficaciously develop a Product Design Specification for the Fan Blade, we need to firstly do the basic functions of the Fan sword. The basic function of a buffer is to take a leak effective strain f depleted in a room and this should be accomplished for a long usage of several years at varying whirlings per minute. The quality of cull outs is rated by their surgical solve in moving the air effectively and quietly. This is monitored by such factors as the pitch, length, and number of crownwork caramel brown firebrands, and their revolutions per minute (rpms).The angulate edges of the cap fan firebrands be termed as the pitches which be particularly important for the effective movement of the air. The shape enables the stain to withstand pressure to the air in front of it and thus the air is compel seewards.Thus the important specifications r equired for our component would beEffective ship FlowLow Noise levels No WobblingDurability sparkle angle for low power consumptionShould not get rusted. aestheticsLow bellThe higher the pitch the more is the replacement of air. safe(p) quality ceiling fan leaf blades have a pitch of 12-14 degrees. Blade pitches as low as 8 or 10 degrees leads to poorer performance and thus lower Air flow and higher noise levels. go the short ceiling fan blades with minimum pitches mess swirl at high speeds, they do not make for much air circulation and they be noisier than the types of fans with longer blades and higher pitch though they rotate more slowly. unrivaled of the issues deal sometimes find with their ceiling fans is wobble. While many people whitethorn think that the wobbling is ca practised by the motor, this is usually not the case. The wobbling of the fan is usually ca employ by blades that be out of slant alignment. This is due to the use of warped, bent, or unmatched b lades. Another reason for wobbling is that the blades may not have been screwed into the brackets straight.Aesthetics ar very important in the fig of a ceiling fan as the color and design need to live up to the looks of the place of installment. Different veridicals like truehearted timber, cross-laminated veneer and less-expensive veneered constant- minginess boards ar apply to render the ceiling fan blades a smart and contemporary look. This as well may include a surface finish, or a woody looks. Contrast or reversible ceiling fan blades are another innovative addition to the substantial mountain range of ceiling fan blade designing. Ceiling fans usually are not re pose for many a years at a stretch. Thus they are expected to be durable to withstand long usage at varying speeds. Though some designs of fan blades may consume low power at the cost of low air flow, a conk out design would include the use of a low cant poppycock for the fan blade. Rusting of metallic f an blades can cause variableness in the balancing of the fan blades because of throw in weight and it withal will affect the durability. Thus the blades need to be coated effectively with paint to prevent oxidation of the fan blades. 1.2 Wooden and Plastic blades in comparison with atomic number 13 bladesThe most widely used materials for making ceiling fan blades are Wood, Plastic and Metal. We have clear-cut on exploitation an atomic number 13 blade for our fan, but let us also subscribe the other materials too.Wood had been traditionally used as it is a atonic weight material that is easily available. It also can be work elegantly to add beauty to the aesthetics of a home. It is known that the courtly blade of a ceiling fan is do of plywood or solid wood. In the manufacturing procedure, such a blade needs to go through many processing step such as visitting, planing, multi polishing, finishing, word picture and printing or covering with printed paper, etc. Moreove r, each blade must finally be weighed and three or four blades of the same weight must be selected as a set for the packing operation. Therefore, the whole processing procedure for a wooden blade is quite labour-intensive and time-consuming, and therefore very expensive. The wooden blades are make of longitudinal strips of wood that have their sides laminated together. delinquent to the thermal cycling and operational tense up, the laminated wooden blades may crack along the length of the blade. Under such impact the blade could separate into one or more pieces and send harmful missiles just about a room.The formative blade comprises a blade mannikin make by injection stamp or die casting a commercially available tensionable flexible or fabric. This method of making fan blades greatly reduces manufacturing time and expense. The assembled blade also has a controllable weight error falling within a tolerable range so that the weighing and selecting procedures performed before packing can be greatly simplified. The blade frame is pack produced by formative injection molding. The blade shield can be pre-printed with various colors and designs, and then mass cut by a cutter, whereby the work speed is greatly change magnituded. Moreover, the blade frame and blade scale of measurement can be assembled by style of a specific assembling machine in a factory or assembled outside a factory by contract so that production can be greatly increased with less labor. Thus the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced. The blade has a total weight which is 40-50% that of a effected wooden blade. Therefore, the power of the blade-driving motor can be reduced tally to the reduced weight. Therefore, the cost of the motor as well as of the blade is lowered.Blades for conventional ceiling fans have been manufactured from numerous materials in a variety of shapes and sizes. Generally, the environment in which the ceiling fan is intended to hold out is a significant fa ctor in accompanying drawings, the selection of the material for the blade composition. Rigid materials such as wood or plastic are commonly used on fans intended solely for interior use, but are prone to warping when subjected to long-term outdoor use due to the extreme fluctuations in temperature and humidity. Thus aluminium blades which are do from atomic number 13 casting seem ideal for outdoor usage. 1.3 Suitable manufacturing processThe wooden blades are made from a number of materials and are stipulation a wide variety of finishes. The natural wood and painted blades are made from solid wood, cross-laminated veneer (plywood), and less-expensive veneered constant-density board.The finishes include natural, appliance white, cherry wood, oak, walnut, remove camphor, bleached oak, white, faux granite, rosewood, black, high luster, colors, and many more.Many processing steps are involved such as cutting, planing, multi polishing, finishing, painting and printing or covering with printed paper, etc. Thus the making of a wooden blade seems more laborious and time consuming. From our Product design specification, the wooden blades accomplish the conditions of being light weight, rust proof and having high aesthetic value. besides it is not durable as wood might absorb moisture, and this may cause unevenness in the balancing of the blades.Using a plastic blade is considered safer then using a metal or wooden one, this way you dont need a shroud over the blade. Unlike wooden blades, a plastic blade is made by Injection molding process and its production is not laborious and time consuming. The whole plastic blade can be made of one piece, unlike a wooden blade which is mostly an assembly of wooden pieces glued together.Due to the lower material and manufacturing costs and the ease with which they can be mass produced, one-piece molded plastic fans of both the impeller and centrifugal or cetacean mammal types are being used as air circulating means in nu merous appliances such as hair dryers, automobile heaters, refrigerators. veritable(a) though such fans are relatively small and light, it is nevertheless in demand(predicate) that they be dynamically reposed to within accurate limits.The method used for obtaining dynamic balance has involved the molding of a test fan in each mold cavity, testing these molded fans for dynamic balance and thereafter machining away material from selected areas of the mold surfaces thereby to increase the weight of the portions of the fan formed by these areas to obtain a balanced weight distribution.The plastic blade is quite useful as it satisfies most of the Product design specifications. But it cannot be said to be durable as the plastic may warp due to higher temperatures thus touch the balance of the blades. Thus we see that a metal blade made from aluminum is ideal as it is durable and can be placed outdoors to without being rusted.2. Mechanical PrinciplesThe design proporsal is as follows. The Aluminum blades are support on a strong plastic dwelling house at the bottom. They are amend together by two tightly unflinching screws one behind the other. The plastic plate is in turn machine-accessible to the hub of the fan by two screws. The weight of the Aluminum blade is supported on the plastic plate. They are a total of four blades pass watered symmetrically to the hub. 2.1 Mechanical principles relating to the Aluminum BladeOur design of the Ceiling fan with four aluminum plates would have the following mechanical principles playing on it.Force playacting downwards due to weight of aluminum blade. stellate force when the fan is in rotating.Normal force of the plastic plate acting upwardsNormal force of pushing air down acting up wards.Tangential normal force from the clasps to the Aluminum blade, which causes rotationTorque acting on the bolts due to the weight of the Aluminum blades.2.2 compendiumFor an aluminum plate of dimensions 14cm - 2.5cm the area of t he plate is approximately 35cm. The thickness of the plate is more or less 0.1 cm. Therefore the volume of the Aluminum blade would be 3.5cm3. The density of Aluminum is 2.7 gm/cc. Therefore the weight of each Aluminum blade is 9.45gmThe RPM at which fans are usually expected to rotate is around 80-220 rpm or 8.37-23 radians per secondThe radial forces acting on the aluminum blade is F = m?2r where m is the mass of the aluminum blade, ? is the angular velocity and r is the radial distance of the center of mass of aluminum blade from the vertex. The radial distance of the center of mass of the aluminum blade to the center point of the hub = Hub radius + length of blade= 6cm +7cm = 13cmThus the level best radial force for 23 radians per second = 0.65 NThe weight of the aluminum plate is = 0.092 NThe Aluminum plate is connected to the plastic plate by 2 bolts. Suppose we use a M2 bolt made of low or medium carbon steel, fully or partially annealed. The Ultimate tensile strength is 1 176NThe Ultimate shear strength can be approximated byTherefore the Ultimate shear strength is = 882 NThe Shear stress acting in the radial direction t = F/d-(t1+t2)= 162500 N/For calculating the Shear stress acting in the tangential direction, we write the moment equation for the bolt.Therefore the Shear stress on the bolt acting in the tangential direction is = = 26750 N/Now to check for the effect of fatigue on the bolt, we check the S-N twine for Carbon steel. It is to be noted that after = 560NThe tensile strength acting on the bolt is much lesser and thus there is no problem of the bolt breaking due to fatigue. 2.3 Effects of Analysis on Design procedureWe thus see that the radial force acting on our blades is much more than the weight of the aluminum blade acting downward. It is also more than the tangential stress acting on the bolt. It is also observed that due to the small size of our fan, even one bolt can support each blade. But for balance sake we shall change the desi gn to place the bolts symmetrically across the radial center line from the hub to the blade. Thus a three bolt joint would help pass water better stability and would prevent wobbling conditions. Since we are using Aluminum blades over plastic blades, we can try to reduce cost by including three blades instead of four. The effect of adding an extra blade does not increase the air flow much, so the fourth blade can be avoided.2.4 Effect of Final design on Manufacturing/MaterialSince we have decided on using a 3 bolt joint to fix the blade to the plastic plate, the position of the plastic plate can be shifted on above the aluminum blade for better aesthetic values. It is also clear from our analysis that bigger fan blades can be used for better performance without compromising on the fear of fracture.We could make the baldes from plastic, as it would reduce the cost and make the manufacturing process easier, but it would risk deformation. Since we are looking for using durable blades that can be used in outdoor conditions too, we shall neglect the use of wood and stick to using aluminum as our blade material.3. ReferencesThomas Cartwright (2005), Fan Blade, Publication number US 2004/0047735 A1.Norton, Robert L (2006), Machine Design-An Integrated Approach, Pearson Prentice Hall.Leigh A. Junkin (1992), Fan Blade, US unpatterned 5,110,261, Google patents.Kuo-Neng Chien (1994), Ceiling Fan Blade, US Patent 5,338,156, Google patents.GarrettD.Euler (2002), Standard Metric and the States Bolt Shank Dimensions, available at http//euler9.tripod.com/bolt-database/23.html 26th AprilDane Roger, Patricia (2001), Eye on Design, majuscule post.Roy Beardmore (2010), Bolted Joint Design, available at http//www.roymech.co.uk/Useful_Tables/Screws/Bolted_Joint.html 25thAprilH.W. Hayden, W.G. Moatt, and J. Wulff (1965), Structure and Properties of Materials John Wiley Sons.Robert B Gelbard, (1964), lick for molding dynamically, US Patent 3,136,001, 1964 Google Patents.Bryds on, J (1999), Plastics Materials, Butterworths 9th Ed.2