Friday, December 27, 2019

Reflection Essay on Writing and the Composition of Literature

Writing and the composition of literature is an art that has been passed down for many generations. Some have been blessed with the uncanny ability to create masterful scripts, but others, like myself, struggle day-to-day with writing simple pieces. I am constantly attempting to improve my ability to write, and this class especially helped me to improve my writing. I can see my essays developing more and more along with my final grades on the papers increasing as well. However simple writing may sound to some people, it is actually composed of many meshing parts and pieces working together to create a polished essay. Despite the age of literature, it is relatable in nature to some modern technology which is also is composed of many components. A prime example of this phenomenon is the Apple App Store. The App Store consists of many unique applications from developers around the world, each serving its own purpose. Through the pieces in my portfolio I will demonstrate my development as a writer along with the advancements of particular skillsets that deal with composition, just as developers provide updates for their applications. My portfolio offers a view into my skills as a struggling writer and my journey to â€Å"updating† my â€Å"apps†. A component really needing work was my use of analytical information versus summarization. Although I expected it to be rough, the low grade I earned on my first paper caught me by surprise. When reading through I found summarizing the poemShow MoreRelatedMy First Day Of Class Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout my academic career I have always struggled with writing whether it is for the English class or any other liberal arts class. In my English classes, I have a tendency to deviate from the given task. This semester I took a FIQWS Composition class which helped me explore the unexplored areas of my academic writing. There were three main essays (literacy narrative, exploratory essay and critical researched analysis) and each improved my writing tremendously. On the first day of class, I was surprisedRead MoreComparison of Two Personal Narratives1264 Words   |  6 PagesBroadly speaking literature consists of compositions that tell stories, dramatize situations, express e motions and analyze and advocate ideas (Roberts, 2010). Literary works tend to cover all aspects of living in a society and the theme of racism, social segregation and class systems is often written on. For this assignment I have chosen to compare two personal narratives; The Myth of the Latin Women by Judith Cofer and Outcasts in Salt Lake City by James Weldon Johnson. Both essays cover the struggleRead MoreLearning the Process of Writing in a First-Year Composition Course1601 Words   |  7 PagesI entered my first-year college composition course believing I was equipped with the knowledge, skill, and ability to write an efficiently researched and well-organized essay. In high school, I learned how to create the traditional five-paragraph paper with its introduction of a thesis, explanation of that claim through three sections riddled with supporting quotes, and conclusion that restated the author’s substantiated statement. This was the prescribed formula I had learned and grown accustomedRead MoreMy Writing Style And Writing890 Words   |  4 PagesWriting was never a known weakness of mine. However, I could never confidently call it a strength. Throughout the course of this semester, my writing style has evolved and I have rid my writing of many habitual mistakes. I have learned to appreciate writing much more, and enjoy the moments where my mind meets words on a paper. Creativity has always been one of my strong suits, but through this course I catered my creativity to compose a variety of essays and speeches. Likewise, public speaking isRead MoreIssues in Teaching Writing1351 Words   |  6 PagesWriting proves daily to be a tool one can use in their own way to express themselves. Many teachers have their own approaches to teaching writing and not to say that they are not effective I just feel that if some people change their approach some of the problems I myself see can be changed by a change in the approach to teaching and assessing writi ng. Some issues I see are students not being exposed to different styles of writing, their writing assignments challenge their knowledge and remembranceRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Alexander Pope s An Essay1310 Words   |  6 PagesAn essay is, generally, a piece of writing that gives the author s own argument — but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of an article, a pamphlet, and a short story. Essays have traditionally been sub-classified as formal and informal. Formal essays are characterized by serious purpose, dignity, logical organization, length, whereas the informal essay is characterized by the personal element (self-revelation, individual tastes and experiences, confidential manner), humor, gracefulRead MoreReflection On My Reading Skills872 Words   |  4 PagesReflection Before taking this class I thought that my reading skills were exceptional, but I was undeniably wrong about that. Now, after taking this class I can say that my reading skills have greatly improved. I now know how to analyze works of art and find new meanings behind the words that I read. Now, with the knowledge on how to use criticism to my advantage, all types of literature will become wide open to me in a sense that I will be able to understand literature in greater detail. I wouldRead MoreHow I Learned to Read and Write by Frederick Douglass and Mother Tongue by Amy Tan1178 Words   |  5 Pages How I Learned to Read and Write by Frederick Douglass and Mother Tongue by Amy Tan are essays that share a common theme. The theme is opposition and how it is necessary to build strength. In the essay How I Learned to Read and Write, Frederick Douglass explains that he was born into slavery and faced his own ignorance with a resolve to overcome this challenge. Faced with oppression by the master and mistress of the house, a young Frederick Douglass used any means necessary toRead MoreEssay about Family Values Richard Rodriguez Analysis1270 Words   |  6 PagesBernardo Cabrera Ken Carter AP Language and Composition 30 January 2012 Family Values Because of the opposing cultures and ideas that collide in the mind of Richard Rodriguez, his arguments tend to break boundaries of traditional philosophical writing. As a Catholic, a homosexual, a Mexican immigrant, and an intellectual, the meaning of family values can differ significantly from one aspect of his life to the next. By gathering input from each of those sectors, Rodriguez composes an array ofRead MorePoe vs. Shakespeare Essay1556 Words   |  7 PagesPoe and William Shakespeare Brandi Greene University Composition and Communication I/COM155 May 9th, 2013 University of Phoenix The Comparison of Edgar Allan Poe and William Shakespeare Many have been inspired by the likes of Edgar Allen Poe and Shakespeare in literature but, there are similarities and differences between the two. Each author could lure their audiences by the characteristics of their writing. Their places in society also differed, as each had different

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Archetypes In The Kite Runner - 1616 Words

In the novel, The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, the author takes the reader into the fictional world of Amir and Hassan, two best friends who face the untold realities of their childhood as they struggle to cope with guilt and heartbreaking losses. The story is told from the perspective of Amir, a Pashtun who grows up in a privileged society and lives with his father, Baba and his best friend and Hazara servant, Hassan. One of the major turning points in the story occurs when Amir leaves Hassan to be raped by a bully, ruining their relationship for the rest of his life. While dealing with the guilt of betraying Hassan, who he later learns is his half-brother, Amir learns shocking truths about his father that alter his perspective of Baba†¦show more content†¦After he nearly convinces himself Hassan is â€Å"not [his] friend,† Amir is ashamed for neglecting his best friend in pursuit of his own safety. By portraying Amir’s guilt, the author displays Amirâ€⠄¢s conflicted feelings for Hassan—the person who he has always treated â€Å"like a brother†Ã¢â‚¬â€thus highlighting his inability to be decisive. Hosseini seems to believe that, although humans make mistakes, the following guilt can strengthen a person’s relationships in the long-term, provided they avoid making similar mistakes in the future. Later in the story, Amir and Hassan have a second encounter with Assef when Hassan is raped, but Amir simply watches the scene as a bystander, traumatized and scared to stand up for his friend. Amir continues to carry the burden of guilt for the rest of the novel and expresses his frustration by attempting to cut ties with Hassan. In chapter 9, Amir frames Hassan for stealing by placing his birthday money and his watch under Hassan’s mattress. When Baba finds out that Hassan had â€Å"stolen† from Amir—as Amir had planned— Hassan shockingly admits to stealing the watch and money, even though he was not responsible. However, Baba forgives Hassan, leaving Amir in aShow MoreRelatedThe Kite Runner1069 Words   |  5 PagesWhat role did assef play in The Kite Runner? antagonist Who is rahim khan in The Kite Runner? Rahim Khan is Babas business partner and best friend. What is the mood of The Kite Runner? The mood of one flying a kite i would say is optimistic. Flying a kite doesnt always go as planned. What disease did Ali have in The Kite Runner? Parkinsons. What did Baba decide to construct and pay for in The Kite Runner? An orphanage How was amir responsible for the flight of ali and hassan? Read MoreEssay On Hassan As An Archetype1014 Words   |  5 PagesThe use of Archetypes in literature is highly prevalent. A common archetype is the saviour archetype, also known as the messianic or Christ-like figure. Usually the protagonist, the Christ-like figure exhibits qualities that parallel that of the biblical Jesus, through characterization, and symbolic actions. There are a few common traits exhibited by this character, including, but not limited to, being self-sacrificing and loyal, manifestations of divine qualities, displaying kindness or forgivenessRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1316 Words   |  6 Pagescorrupt political groups, like the Taliban, are seizing control of the government widespread suffering is weakening the people. When in power these groups are able to exercise control in whatever way they deem necessary. Cruelty is utilized in The Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini, as the main char acters inhabit Afghanistan during times of extreme turmoil. Throughout the story the characters suffer through and cause cruelty which affects each other and their own lives. The hardships suffered by the charactersRead More The Power of Words Essay2225 Words   |  9 Pagesroad after a catastrophic event. To â€Å"carry the fire† was the boys main concern and those words meant a world of difference (McCarthy np). It gave the man and his son the strength and encouragement to just keep going. Khaled Hossieni’s novel The Kite Runner used the repetition of the saying â€Å"for you a thousand times over† to induce an overwhelming response in the reader’s emotions through the use of irony (Hosseini np). The huge power of words in literature, speeches, songs, and sermons are seen over

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Juan Soriano Example For Students

Juan Soriano Biography Outline1 Biography2 Key Ideas in painting3 Famous paintings and sculptures made by Juan Soriano Biography Juan Soriano was a famous Mexican painter and sculptor. He was born on August 18, 1920, in  Guadalajara, Mexico and died on February 10, 2006, in  Mexico City. He was one of the supporters of the Mexican School cultural movement, which began to appear in 1910. Biography of the painter is very interesting. When the artist was born, his real name was Juan Francisco Rodrà ­guez Montoya. His parents’ names were Rodrà ­guez Soriano and Amalia Montoya Navarro.  Starting from the early age, he decided to change his name and call himself as Juan Soriano. He preferred the surname of his father and that was the reason for the change (not any other, because several journalists said that he didn’t like his mother which is a total lie). He always said that his family is very eccentric. He was an early talent whose career began early as did his fame with various writers authoring work about him.  This hopeful young boy started his first exhibitions at the age of 14. This first exhibition was a very good one for him. Exactly that first premiere allowed him to meet with a lot of famous artists. There were  Josà © Chà ¡vez Morado,  Lola à lvarez Bravo, and  Marà ­a Izquierdo, (by the way, exactly she had an influence on him to move  Mexico City,   and in 1935 when he was only fifteen he moved together with his sister Martha). He traveled a lot in Europe. He found something beautiful in everything he saw. It was his way to becoming inspired. In Mexico, he got Mexico’s national art prize (1987), France’s Là ©gion d’Honneur (2004), and Spain’s Velà ¡zquez Prize (2005). In Mexico City, he never stopped communicating with his friends, writers, painters and so on. They were a treasure of his life that he didn’t want to lose. These included  Xavier Villaurrutia,  Carlos Pellicer,  Octavio Paz, Lola and  Manuel à lvarez Bravo and lots more. Key Ideas in painting Soriano became popular after his excellent portraits and self-portraits. Just look in his series of paintings of Lupe Marin or even Diego Rivera’s  first wife. Hero of the article always believed that art shouldn’t protect any politics. That is why painter Jesà ºs Reyes Ferreira had an early influence on his work. During some period of time, he occurred as an antagonist of fascism in Europe. He was a member of the League of Revolutionary Writers and Artists. They were also against the U.S. involvement in various Latin American countries.   And this had a huge influence on his artwork too. Soriano’s work including various paintings, huge sculptures, various ceramics, exciting drawings, awesome graphics works, magnificent illustrations, and set and costume design were classified as part of the second wave of the  Mexican muralism  movement. He also experimented a lot. For example, in the 1960s he tried to perform in abstract painting. He was a noted portrait painter with a style that  Teresa del Conde (a famous Mexican critic)  called â€Å"always legible and at the same time strangely problematic.† In 2003, he worked on tapestry design with a theme of death for the Gobelinos Workshop in Guadalajara. Famous paintings and sculptures made by Juan Soriano When he was working, he created things to be memorized by millions of people. That is why Soriano created a number of great sculptures and paintings which are located in Mexico and Europe. These include: El Toro at the Tomà ¡sGarridoCanabal Park in  Villahermosa  (1987) La Luna for the  National Auditorium  in Mexico City (1993) Mano for the Herdez Group headquarters (1995) Paloma de bronze  (Bronze Dove) Pajaro III  (Bird III) Pajaro de Dos Caras  (Bird with Two Faces) One of Soriano’s most famous paintings,  Child with Bird  (1941), shows a live bird nestled in the hands of a young boy who, if not smiling, appears quizzical.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Misdiagnosis Of Attention Deficit Disorder - Add Essays

Misdiagnosis Of Attention Deficit Disorder - Add What exactly is ADD? This is a question that has remained unanswered for a very long time. ADD, also known as attention deficit disorder, has to do with the brain. This disorder was at one time thought to be related to brain damage. Nowadays however, it is actually quite common. It is reported that about 40 percent of the student body of an average school is ADD. Scientists think that this is at least one student per classroom in a school. ADD has really been recognized over the past twenty years. This is when most of the research about it has been done. When someone has been diagnosed as having ADD it does not mean that they are lazy, stupid, or crazy. It only means that they have a difficult time trying to pay attention to a subject in which they have little or no interest. This is why ADD is usually first noticed in school. Before much research was done, ADD was not even called ADD. It had a different name. It was called Hyperknetics. This was really just a fancy term for saying that a child is easily distracted, and also very hyper. This was back in the days when doctors also thought that Hyperknesis was caused by some sort of brain damage. This was potentially true however; there were a few rare cases in which some brain damage actually occurred in a child. The brain damage only happened naturally, like when the child was being developed. ADD is something that an individual person is born with, and not something that is developed over time. Many Doctors and specialists have discovered over time that there is more than type of ADD. Doctors now recognize three distinct types of ADD, normal ADD, ADHD, and residual ADD. The second, ADHD is normal ADD coupled with a hyperactive tendency. The third type, residual ADD is the type of ADD that most commonly affects older children and adults. Hyperactivity is not usually associated with residual ADD. When it comes to ADD most people will associate it with the child being hyper or out of control. This can be the case some of the time, but hyperactivity isn't always the problem. There are actually quite a few kids who have an attention problem, but can appear perfectly normal and calm on the outside. Next, we will go into some of the symptoms of ADD. These symptoms are as follows, 1. inattentiveness or distractibility, 2. Impulsivity, 3. difficulty delaying gratification, 4. hyperactivity, 5. arousal, 6. noncompliance, 7. social problems, and 8. disorganization. These are the main symptoms that doctors and specialists have used to characterize and diagnose ADD. Now we have to break it down. Most of the kids who have ADD without an element of hyperactivity, will probably only display symptoms one, six, and eight. In the book All About the Attention Deficit Disorder gives a great breakdown of all of the different characteristics of ADD and determines into which category they fall. The most important, or core symptom as they call it, is number one. This is inattention or distractibility. This is the first sign that is looked for when someone is going to be diagnosed with ADD. Next are symptoms two through five, these are the symptoms that define the personality of a person with ADD. Items six through eight were saved to be the symptoms that follow the others due to them actually being the results of the others. These are the main symptoms that doctors diagnose people with. There will however, be others along the way. According to the book All About the Attention deficit disorder, An ADD child has an attention span for which his or her age is too short. Unless the task is very interesting to them, the child will always say that it is boring. This is the reason ADD mostly takes place in schools. Many doctors, and the previously mentioned book have said that nine times out of ten if you ask an ADD child what he or she mostly dislikes about school the answer will be the work. Now don't get the wrong idea, most kids will say the reason why they dislike school is

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

An Overview of Genetic Engineering essays

An Overview of Genetic Engineering essays Imagine a world full of 'mini Hitlers' seeking world domination, killing millions as their solution to establish a superior race or bunch or 2 headed humans eating a pig with 6 legs. These scenarios may sound like something out a science fiction novel, but this is the kind of things that people think about when they hear the words 'genetic engineering' Genetic engineering is now an important part of this world. It is used to cure diseases, develop food that grows faster and food that's healthier. Without genetic engineering, it will not be possible to feed the 10 billion humans expected by the year 2030. Only by using this new technology can we increase food production enough so that it is possible to feed this growing world. This can be done by producing plant varieties that are more precisely adapted to local conditions. This also helps poor farmers by reducing their expenses such as pesticides. In developing worlds, there are over 100 million children with vitamin A deficiency causing huge problems such as blindness. These people eat mainly rice and rice has no vitamin A. Right now the only way they can get enough vitamin A is by costly supplements that don't reach everyone. So scientists are genetically engineering rice so that it contains vitamin A, and this rice seed could be distributed to the poorest areas of the world, a brilliant and simple idea. So how can consumers live in the developed world benefit from plant biotechnology? Using modern biotechnology scientists have already produced food with improved flavor, food that is better for health and food with better qualities. Examples of these are apples and sweet corns that are insect resistant, frost resistant strawberries, and seedless grapes. One of the main reasons why people oppose genetic engineering is that they think biotechnology is an imprecise science and so it will likely to result in unanticipated outcomes and dangerous surprises. But did you know th...

Sunday, November 24, 2019

James Hutton Essay Example

James Hutton Essay Example James Hutton Paper James Hutton Paper James Hutton A report done by Sarah Lynn Brixey James Hutton was a Scottish geologist, naturalist, and experimental farmer. He is considered the father of modern geology. His theories of geology and geologic time, are also called deep time, and came to be included in theories which were called plutonism and uniformitarianism. Plutonism is the disproven theory that all rocks formed by solidification of a molten mass. Uniformitarianism means of or pertaining to the thesis that processes that operated in the remote geological past are not different from those observed now. Another definition of uniformitarianism is supporting, conforming to, or derived from a theory or doctrine about uniformity, esp. on the subject of geology. In this report on James Hutton, you will learn who he was, his theory of rock formations, and his publication career. James Hutton was born in Edinburgh on June 3, 1726 as one of five children of a merchant who was also Edinburgh City Treasurer, but died when James was very young. He attended school at the Edinburgh High School, where he was particularly interested in mathematics and chemistry. At the age of 14, he attended the University of Edinburgh as a â€Å"student of humanity†. He was an intern to a lawyer at the age of 17, but took more of an interest in chemical experiments than legal work. At the age of 18, he became a doctor’s assistant and attended lectures of medicine at the University of Edinburgh. Three years later, he studied medicine in Paris, and in 1749, he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine at Leyden with a thesis on blood circulation. Around 1747, he had a son by a woman named Miss Edington, and other than giving the boy financial assistance, he had little to do with him. The boy went on to become a post office clerk in London. After receiving his degree, Hutton returned to London, and in the summer of 1750, at the age of 24, went back to Edinburgh and resumed experiments with close friend, James Davie. Their work on production of sal ammoniac from soot led to their partnership in profitable chemical works, manufacturing the crystalline salts which were used for dyeing, metalwork, and as smelling salts that were previously available only from natural sources and that had to be imported from Egypt. Hutton owned and rented out properties in Edinburgh, which employed a factor to manage this business. James Hutton inherited his father’s Berwickshire farms of Slighthouses, which are lowland farms that had been in the family since 1713, and a hill farm of Nether Monynut. In the early 1750s, he moved to Slighthouses, with his goal being to making improvements, which introduced farming practices from other parts of Britain and experimenting with plant and animal cultivation. He recorded his ideas and innovations in an unpublished thesis on The Elements of Agriculture. This developed his interest in meteorology and geology, and by 1753, he had become very fond of studying the surface of the earth, and was looking with anxious curiosity into every pit or ditch or bed of a river he came across. Working in a clearing and draining his farm provided many opportunities, and he noticed that a vast proportion of the present rocks are composed of materials afforded by the destruction of bodies, animal, vegetable and mineral, of more ancient formation†. His theoretical ideas began to come together in 1760, and while his farming activities continued, in 1764, he went on a geological tour of the north of Scotland with George Maxwell-Clerk. In 1768, Hutton returned to Edinburgh, leaving his farms to tenants but continuing to take an interest in farm improvements and research, which included experiments carried out at Slighthouses. He developed a red dye made from the roots of the madder plant. He had a house built in 1770 at St. John’s Hill, Edinburgh, overlooking Salisbury Crags. He was one of the most influential participants in the Scottish Enlightenment, and fell in with numerous first-class minds in the sciences including John Playfair, philosopher David Hume, and economist Adam Smith. He was a particularly close friend of Joseph Black, and the two of them together with Adam Smith founded the Oyster Club for weekly meetings, that included Hutton and Black to find a venue, which turned out to have rather disreputable associations. Between 1767 and 1774, Hutton had considerable close involvement with the construction of the Forth and Clyde Canal, making full use of his geological knowledge, both as a shareholder and as a member of the committee of management, and attended meetings including extended site inspections of all the works. In 1777, he published a pamphlet on Considerations on the Nature, Quality and distinctions of Coal and Culm, which successfully helped to obtain relief from removal duty on carrying small coal. Hutton hit on a variety of ideas to explain the rock formations he saw around him, but according to Playfair, he â€Å"was in no haste to publish his theory; for he was one of those who are much more delighted with the contemplation of truth, than with the praise of having discovered it. † After some 25 years of work, his Theory of the Earth; or and Investigation of the Laws observable in the Composition, Dissolution, and Restoration of Land upon the Globe was read to meetings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in two parts, first by his friend Joseph Black on March 7, 1785, and the second by himself on April 4, 1785. He subsequently read an abstract of his dissertation Concerning the System of the Earth, its Duration and Stability to the Society meeting on July 4, 1785, which he had printed and circulated privately. In it, his theory states that the solid part of the present land appears in general, to have been composed of the productions of the sea, and of other materials similar to those now found upon the shores. Hence we find reason to conclude:  ·That the land on which we rest is not simple and original, but that it is a composition, and has been formed by the operation of second causes.  ·That before the present land was made, there had subsisted a world composed of sea and land, in which were tides and currents, with such operations at the bottom of the sea as now take place.  ·That while the present land is forming at the bottom of the ocean, the former land maintained plants and animals; at least the sea was then inhabited by animals, in a similar manner as it is presently. Hence we are led to conclude, that the greater part of our land, if not the whole had been produced by operations natural to this globe; but that in order to make this land a permanent body, resisting the operations of the waters, two things must be required.  ·The consolidation of masses formed by collections of loose or incoherent materials.  ·The elevation of those consolidated masses from the bottom of the sea, the place where they were collected, to the stations in which they now remain above the level of the ocean. At Glen Tilt in the Cairngorm Mountains in the Scottish Highlands, Hutton found granite penetrating metamorphic schists, in a way, which indicated that the granite had been molten at the time. This showed him that granite formed from cooling of molten rock, not precipitation out of water, as others at the time had believed, and that the granite must be younger than the schists. He went on to find a similar penetration of volcanic rock through sedimentary rock near the center of Edinburgh, at Salisbury Crags, adjoining Arthur’s Seat, which is now known as Hutton’s Section. He found other examples on the Isle of Arran, also known as Hutton’s Unconformity and in Galloway. In 1787, Hutton noted what is now known as the Hutton Unconformity at Inchbonny, Jedburgh, in layers of sedimentary rock. Hutton reasoned that there must have been several cycles, each involving deposition on the seabed, uplift with tilting and erosion, then undersea again for further layers to be deposited, and there have been many cycles before over an extremely long history. Although Hutton privately circulated printed version of the abstract of his Theory, which he read at a meeting of the Royal Society of Edinburgh on July 4, 1785, the theory as read at the March 7, 1785 and April 4, 1785 meetings did not appear in print until 1788. It was titled Theory of the Earth; or and Investigation of the Laws observable in the Composition, Dissolution, and Restoration of Land upon the Globe and appeared in Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Following criticism, especially Richard Kirwan’s, who thought he was an atheist and not logical, among other things, Hutton published a two volume version of his theory in 1795, consisting of the 1788 version of his theory that included slight additions along with a lot of material drawn from shorter papers Hutton already had to hand on various subjects such as the origin of granite. It included a review of alternative theories, such as those of Thomas Burnet and Georges-Louis Leclerc, and Comte de Buffon. This whole was entitled An Investigation of the Principles of Knowledge and of the Progress of Reason, from Sense to Science and Philosophy when the third volume was completed in 1794. Its 2,138 pages prompted Playfair to remark that â€Å"The great size of the book, and the obscurity which may justly be objected to many parts of it, have probably prevented it from being received as it deserves†. His new theories placed him into opposition with the then-popular Neptunist theories of Abraham Gottlob Werner that all rocks had precipitated out of single enormous flood. Hutton proposed that the interior of the Earth was hot, and that this heat was the engine, which drove the creation of new rock; land was eroded by air and water and deposited into stone, and uplifted it into new lands. This theory was dubbed â€Å"Plutonist† in contrast to the flood-oriented theory. As well as combating the Neptunists, he also opened up the concept of deep time for scientific purposes, in opposition to Catastrophism. Rather than accepting that the Earth was no more than a few thousand years old, he maintained that the Earth must be much older, with a istory extending indefinitely into the distant past. His main line of argument was that the tremendous displacements and changes he was seeing did not happen in a short period of time by means of catastrophe, but that processes still happening on earth in the present day had caused them. As these processes were very gradual, the Earth needed to be ancient, in order to allow time for the changes. Before long, scie ntific inquiries provoked by his claims had pushed back the age of the earth into the millions of years- still too short when compared with what is known as in the 21st century, but a distinct improvement. The prose of Principles of Knowledge was so obscure, in fact, that it also impeded the acceptance of Hutton’s geological theories. Restatements of his geological ideas by John Playfair in 1802 and then Charles Lyell in the 1830s removed this hindrance. If anything, Hutton’s ideas were eventually accepted too well. At least some of the initial resistance to modern scientific ideas like plate tectonics and asteroid strikes causing mass extinctions can be attributed to too-strict adherence to uniformitarianism. It was not merely the Earth to which Hutton directed his attention. He had long studied the changes of the atmosphere. The same volume in which his Theory of Earth appeared contained also a Theory of Rain. He contended that the amount of moisture, which the air can retain in solution, increases with temperature, and, therefore, that on the mixture of two masses of air of different temperatures a portion of the moisture must be condensed and appear in visible form. He investigated the available data regarding rainfall and climate in different regions of the globe, and came to the conclusion that the rainfall is regulated by the humidity of the air on the one hand, and mixing of different air currents in the higher atmosphere on the other. In conclusion, James Hutton was a great man who did many things. On a more personal note, reading and learning about him peaked my curiosity in the things that we are learning in Earth Science class, and also to an extent in Geography. Before reading this, I didn’t really care about geology or rocks, for that matter. But after reading this, it sort of made me want to learn more about geology. Bibliography Page 1. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/277702/James-Hutton 2. plutonism. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. 2008. Merriam-Webster Online. 1 September 2008 merriam-webster. com/dictionary/plutonism

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Strategic planning at Canon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strategic planning at Canon - Essay Example Canon is a firm that is already well established in the global market. The success of the firm can be considered as the result of a well structured strategic planning process where the needs of the firm’s departments are aligned and are appropriately served through flexible strategic measures. At the time when the firm established – in 1957 – the use of strategic planning for the promotion of a firm’s interests was limited. Through the years, the firm managed to improve its strategic plans responding to the customer demands but also to the global competition – which has been increased at quite high levels the last decade. The firm has chosen to apply three different – in terms of their duration - strategic plans. In the short term, the improvement of the firm’s finances has been set as a priority – the pressure of the global competition is clear. In the medium term, however, the firm chooses to focus on its goals and its resources (both capital and human resources). In the long term, the criteria for the development of the firm’s strategic choices are going to be reviewed; the improvement of the firm’s position in the global market (1st position in the specific industrial sectors worldwide) would be then an achievable target. The success of the strategic planning process used by the firm can be proved primarily by its performance. In accordance with the figures related with the firm’s activities – as included in its financial statements – the sales of Canon have been increased to 3,468 billion (2004) from 4.2 billion in the first year that the firm entered the particular industry (in 1950). The particular elements of the firm’s strategic planning process can be identified in Figure 5 (Appendix). The range of the firm’s products is significant including computer, optical products, photocopiers and cameras. The significant advantage of the firm towards its competitors can be identified to its